Table 3 Perioperative Characteristics– Location, Surgical Service, Induction, Extubation, and Anesthesia-Controlled Times for the Anesthesia Provider Groups

Surgical Location

< 0.001

Medical Center, (%, n)

5.4% (51) ^†

93.3% (2467) *

67.1% (7717)

Ambulatory Surgery Center, (%, n)

1.2% (11) ^†

2.9% (77) *

8.6% (992)

Community Hospital, (%, n)

93.5% (877) ^†

3.8% (100) *

24.3% (2792)

Surgical Service

< 0.001

General/Plastics, (%, n)

27.3% (256) ^†

21.1% (558)

20.2% (2328)

Gynecology, (%, n)

21.5% (202) ^†

12.8% (339)

13.0% (1492)

Head and Neck, (%, n)

4.2% (39) ^†

14.0% (370)

15.0% (1725)

Neurosurgery, (%, n)

4.3% (40)

4.9% (130)

6.2% (717)

Orthopedics, (%, n)

33.5% (315)

29.0% (768)

31.3% (3577)

ACS, Thoracic, Vascular, (%, n)

2.0% (19) ^†

11.0% (291)*

6.2% (716)

Urology, (%, n)

7.2% (68)

7.1% (188)

8.2% (946)

Endotracheal tube insertion %

69.6%

71.2%

68.7%

0.07

Arterial Line Insertion %

1.2%^†

10.7%*

9.3%

< 0.001

Surgical Times

Anesthesia Ready Time (min)

8.7 [7.0-10.7]^†

10.5 [8.5–13.4]*

9.5 [7.7–12.0]

< 0.001

Surgery End to Extubation Time (min)

7.9 [6.0-10.3]^†

9.4 [6.8–12.8]*

9.0 [6.6–12.3]

< 0.001

Prolonged Extubation Time (>15 min, %, n)

1.7% (20) ^†

5.4% (170)

4.5% (631)

< 0.001

Surgery End to Out of Room Time (min)

12.1 [9.5–15.1]^†

14.9 [11.7–19.3]*

13.9 [10.8–18.0]

< 0.001

Anesthesia-Controlled Time (min)

21.0 [17.9–25.4]^†

26.1 [21.7–32.0]*

23.9 [19.7–29.5]

< 0.001

Anesthesia Ready to procedure start (min)

21.6 [16.0-27.5]^†

24.0 [17.8–32.7]

23.0 [16.9–31.8]

< 0.001

Procedure Time (min)

79.0 [41.0-121.0]^†

90.0 [49.0-148.0]

89.0 [48.0-150.0]

< 0.001

Total time in OR (min)

122.3 [79.3-168.4]^†

137.3 [91.3-204.4]

135.8 [89.2-203.3]

< 0.001