Table 2 Imaging guidelines after lumbar total disc replacement with regard to implant alloy
From: Spine imaging after lumbar disc replacement: pitfalls and current recommendations
Complication/Alloy | Titanium | Stainless steel (CoCr) |
|---|---|---|
Metallosis/PE wear loosening | Plain x-ray, scintigraphy, PET-CT | Plain x-ray, scintigraphy, PET-CT |
Implant failure/fracture | Plain x-ray, CT | Plain x-ray, CT |
Implant/Core dislocation | Plain x-ray, CT | Plain x-ray, CT |
Infection | MR, PET-CT, radiolabelled white blood cell scintigraphy | PET-CT, radiolabelled white blood cell scintigraphy |
Late facet degeneration/secondary stenosis | MR, CT | Myelography, CT |
Implant malpositioning | Plain x-ray, CT | Plain x-ray, CT |
Implant subsidence | Plain x-ray, CT | Plain x-ray, CT |
Segmental fusion | CT, dynamic plain x-ray | CT, dynamic plain x-ray |