Table 2 Percentage of infection frequency of modular mega-implants in the lower extremities in the literature

Roberts et al. 1991[25]

STANMORE™

135

knee

not specified

6.8 %

Unwin et al. 1996 [26]

STANMORE™

1001

hip, knee, femur shaft

46 months

24.6 %

Mascard et al. 1998 [27]

GUEPAR™

90

knee

4.3 years (1–22 years)

13 %

Ilyas et al. 2001 [28]

HMR- System

48

knee

5.6 years (2–10 years)

14.6 %

Donati et al. 2001 [15]

KMFTR-System

34

knee

10 years

4 %

Mittermayer et al. 2001 [16]

KMFTR-System

100

hip, knee, femur shaft

127.5 months

9.7 %

51 patients died and 41 patients analysed

Ilyas et al. 2002 [14]

HMR- System

15

knee

6.7 years (3–10 years)

13.3 %

Griffin et al. 2005 [29]

several

99

hip, knee, femur shaft

6 years (3.2–158.9 months)

10.1 %

Heisel et al. 2006 [17]

MUTARS

50

hip, knee, femur shaft

46 monts (2–7 years)

12 %

Gosheger et al. 2006 [13]

MUTARS

250

hip, knee, femur shaft

not specified

12 %

Gerdesmeyer et al. 2006 [30]

MML-System

70

hip, knee, femur shaft

7 years +/− 28 months

none

drop-out 46 %

Gradinger and Gollwitzer 2006 [12]

MML-System

89

hip, knee, femur shaft

not specified

3.3 %

Hardes et al. 2009 [31]

MUTARS

28

hip, knee

not specified

7.1 %

without tumor

Chandrasekar 2009 [32]

STANMORE™

100

hip

24.6 months (0–60 months)

4 %

Kinkel et al. 2010 [33]

MUTARS

77

hip, knee, femur shaft

not specified

11.7 %

60 % complications

von Salis-Soglio et al. 2010 [10]

MML-System

572

hip, knee, femur shaft

not specified

10.5 %

Ruggeri et al. 2010 [34]

KMFTR, HMRS, GMRS

28

complete femur

8 months (1 month −17 years)

7.1 %

Winkelmann et al. 2010 [35]

MUTARS

41

hip, knee, femur shaft

45 months

19.5 %

Pala et al. 2015 [36]

GMRS

247

knee

4 years (2–8 years)

9.3 %

Capanna et al. 2015 [37]

several

278

hip, knee

more than 2 years

8.3 %

Sevelda et al. 2015 [38]

several

50

complete femur

57 months (1–280 months)

12 %