Table 1 The number and kind of deviations, procedures performed, and patient characteristics
Deviations from Standard of Care | Procedure Performed | ||
 Deviations >1 type | 73.4% |  Invasive cardiology | 26.6% |
 Deviations in >1 environment | 48.1% |  Spinal fusion/surgery | 15.2% |
 Repeated unnecessary procedures | 97.5% |  Other surgery | 31.6% |
 Period of unnecessary procedures |  |  Infusion | 11.4% |
   < 1 year to <2 years | 7.6% |  Other | 15.2% |
  2 to <5 years | 39.2% | Patient Characteristics | |
  5 + years | 53.2% |  No. of patients: >30a | 56.3% |
 Dollar amount billed |  |  Patient age |  |
   < 100,000 | 5.1% |   Adult | 22.8% |
  100,000–500,000 | 6.3% |   Senior | 21.5% |
  500,001–1 million | 3.8% |   Child | 2.5% |
  1,000,001–2 million | 7.6% |   General, mixed population | 53.2% |
   > 2 million | 45.6% | Women explicitly targeted | 2.5% |
  Unknown | 31.6% | Racial minority explicitly targeted | 3.8% |
| Â | Â | Medicare billed | 73.4% |
| Â | Â | Cases involve patient deaths | 31.6% |