Breast cancer involvement of the nipple-areola complex and implications for nipple-sparing mastectomies: a retrospective observational study in 137 patients

Table 2 Predictors of NAC involvement

		RR	CI (95%)		Wald	p-value
		RR	Lower	upper	Wald	p-value
Age subgroups	< 40 versus > 40 years	1.99	0.391	10.14	0.687	0.407
Age subgroups	> 40 versus > 50 years	1.36	0.332	5.64	0.188	0.665
Tumor size < 4 versus ≥ 4 cm		6.92	1.94	24.17	8.89	0.003
Tumor nipple distance < 3 cm	< 2 versus > 2 cm	0.029	0.003	0.262	9.88	0.002
	< 2.5 versus > 2.5 cm	0.019	0.001	0.276	8.42	0.004
	< 3 versus > 3 cm	0.257	0.032	2.08	1.61	0.203
	< 4 versus > 4 cm	4.45	0.391	50.79	1.44	0.229
Lymph node metastasis	Metastasis versus no metastasis	9.5	2.41	37.37	10.37	<0.001
Lymph node metastasis	≥ 10versus < 10	26.00	2.45	275.82	7.31	0.007
Multifocal tumor	Multifocal versus not multifocal	6.44	1.62	25.58	7.01	0.008
Multicenteric	Multicentric versus not multicentric	9.20	2.42	34.91	10.65	<0.001
Lymphovascular invasion	Invasion versus noninvasion	4.86	1.37	17.18	6.04	0.014
Estrogen receptor status	ER - versus ER+	16.85	4.30	65.97	16.46	<0.001
Progesterone receptor status	PR - versus PR+	33.60	7.84	143.97	22.40	<0.001
HER status	HER + versus HER -	16.0	4.31	60.09	17.10	<0.001
Staging III	Stage III versus II	4.19	1.1	16.56	4.17	0.041
Histologic tumor type	DCIS versus ILC	0.225	0.025	2.06	1.74	0.187
	DCIS versus IDC	0.267	0.029	2.43	1.37	0.241
	IDC versus ILC	1.75	0.105	29.26	0.152	0.697
Histologic grade	Grade III versus grade I	9.03	1.79	45.40	7.14	0.008
Histologic grade	Grade III versus grade II	5.48	1.07	27.89	4.20	0.040

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