Factor | Group | Total mastectomy Sentinel node retrieval | Total mastectomy Axillary lymph node dissection | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | Â | 33 | 169 | Â |
 | mean (sd) | mean (sd) |  | |
Age mean (sd) years | Â | 69.6 (11.8) | 61.9 (11.4) | 0.05 |
Body mass index | Â | 22.3 (3.1) | 23.2 (4.1) | Â |
Side of the tumor (%) | Left | 13 (39.4) | 78 (46.2) | < 0.001 |
Right | 20 (60.6) | 91 (53.8) | 0.019 | |
Preoperative chemotherapy (%) | No | 33 (100.0) | 161 (95.3) | 0.013 |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 8 (4.7) | 0.057 | |
Number of lymph nodes retrieved | Â | 2.91 (1.59) | 14.28 (7.13) | 0.302 |
Number of metastatic lymph nodes |  | 0.27 (0.63) | 1.86 (3.86) | < 0.001 |
Weight of specimen |  | 344.8 (159.9) | 449.3 (228.6) | < 0.001 |
Size of tumor | Â | 24.2 (17.4) | 30.4 (16.8) | 0.057 |
Stage (TMN) | 1 | 16 (48.5) | 60 (35.5) | 0.534 |
2 | 16 (48.5) | 94 (55.6) | Â | |
3 | 1 (3.0) | 13 (7.7) | Â | |
4 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.2) | Â | |
Drainage | No | 9 (27.3) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 24 (72.7) | 169 (100.0) | Â | |
Volume of drainage during 1 week |  | 312.1 (153.4) | 588.3 (279.4) | < 0.001 |
Total fluid discharge volume |  | 333.1 (262.1) | 1456.3 (817.4) | < 0.001 |
Drainage volume the day before drain removal | Â | 15.50 (9.10) | 19.05 (9.61) | 0.05 |
Post-operative day of drain removal |  | 8.4 (4.23) | 14.2 (6.24) | < 0.001 |
Seroma formation | No | 27 (81.8) | 136 (80.5) | 1 |
Yes | 6 (18.2) | 33 (19.5) | Â | |
Number | 0 | 26 (78.8) | 136 (80.5) | Â |
1 | 0 (0.0) | 19 (11.2) | Â | |
2 | 3 (9.1) | 6 (3.6) | Â | |
3 | 3 (9.1) | 3 (1.8) | Â | |
4 | 1 (3.0) | 4 (2.4) | Â | |
6 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | Â | |
Surgical modality | ||||
 Group D |  | 7 (21.2) | 46 (27.2) | 0.21 |
 Group A |  | 11 (33.3) | 74 (43.8) |  |
 Group B |  | 15 (45.5) | 49 (29.0) |  |
Prolonged fluid discharge | No | 29 (87.9) | 117 (69.2) | 0.033 |
Yes | 4 (12.1) | 52 (30.8) | Â | |
Hospital stay | Days | 14.0 (5.1) | 22.3 (7.2) | < 0.001 |
Complications | ||||
 seroma infection extirpation of seroma by surgery (re-drainage) |  | 1 | 0 |  |
 re-drainage |  | 0 | 2 |  |
 infection |  | 0 | 2 |  |
 bleeding |  | 0 | 1 |  |
 flap necrosis |  | 0 | 0 |  |
Lymph edema of upper limbs (%) | No | 33 (100.0) | 149 (88.2) | 0.05 |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 20 (11.8) | Â |