Table 3 Clinicopathological factors related to prolonged fluid discharge after total mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection
Factor | Group | No | Yes | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | Â | 117 | 52 | Â |
| Â | mean (sd) | mean (sd) | Â | |
Age | Â | 61.6 (11.8) | 62.5 (10.9) | 0.636 |
Body mass index | Â | 22.6 (3.82) | 24.6 (4.6) | 0.005 |
Preoperative chemotherapy | No | 110 (94.0) | 51 (98.1) | 0.437 |
Yes | 7 (6.0) | 1 (1.9) | Â | |
Site of breast tumor (%) | Right | 63 (53.8) | 28 (53.8) | 1 |
Left | 54 (46.2) | 24 (46.2) | Â | |
Number of tumors | Multiple | 8 (6.8) | 6 (11.5) | 0.366 |
Single | 109 (93.2) | 46 (88.5) | Â | |
Weight of specimen | Â | 410.9 (196.9) | 535.7 (270.0) | 0.001 |
Size | Â | 30.9 (17.3) | 30.6 (16.1) | 0.892 |
Level of axillary lymph node dissection (%) | Ax I | 40 (34.2) | 10 (19.2) | 0.066 |
Ax II | 56 (47.9) | 26 (50.0) | Â | |
Ax III | 21 (17.9) | 16 (30.8) | Â | |
Number of lymph nodes retrieved | Â | 14.8 (7.4) | 14.5 (6.4) | 0.77 |
Number of metastatic lymph nodes | Â | 1.6 (3.5) | 2.4 (4.5) | 0.226 |
Volume of drainage during 1 week |  | 506.0 (244.9) | 773.7 (265.0) | < 0.001 |
Total fluid discharge volume |  | 1161.7 (615.1) | 2048.0 (794.8) | < 0.001 |
Drainage volume the day before drain removal |  | 17.2 (8.3) | 23.2 (11.1) | < 0.001 |
seroma formation (%) | No | 117 (100.0) | 19 (36.5) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 33 (63.5) | Â | |
Re-drainage (%) | No | 117 (100.0) | 50 (96.2) | 0.093 |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.8) | Â | |
Lymph edema of the upper limbs (%) | No | 102 (87.2) | 47 (90.4) | 0.617 |
Yes | 15 (12.8) | 5 (9.6) | Â | |
Surgical modality | Group D | 41 (35.0) | 5 (9.6) | 0.001 |
Group A | 48 (41.0) | 26 (50.0) | Â | |
Group B | 28 (23.9) | 21 (40.4) | Â |