Fig. 1

Flow diagram illustrating how the cohort was built for analyses in this study. A total of 7442 participants were included in the analysis. All participants were divided into elective or emergency surgery groups based on the presence or absence of the “E” symbol in the ASA class. In addition, emergency surgery patients were classified according to whether their surgery was on the day of hospitalization or after. * Year-end over the New Year’s holidays and during the anniversary of the founding of the University