Risk Factors for PPC | |
---|---|
Patient-Related Factors | |
Age > 60 Years | |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder | |
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class II Or Greater | |
Functional Dependencea | |
Congestive Heart Failure | |
Obstructive Sleep Apnea | |
Current Cigarette Use | |
Impaired Sensoriumb | |
Pulmonary Hypertension | |
High-Complexity Operation (Work-Relative Value Units [Rvu] >17) | |
Preoperative Sepsis | |
Serum Albumin <3.5mg/Dl | |
Hypernatremia (Serum Sodium >145) | |
Surgery-Related Factors | |
Prolonged Operation >3 Hours | |
Surgical Sitec | |
Emergency Operation | |
General Anesthesia | |
Perioperative Transfusion | |
Residual Neuromuscular Blockade After An Operation |