Table 2 Clinical characteristics of splenic injury by decision to admit or transfer

First Prehospital vital signs

 Respiration rate

18 (16–20)

18 (16–20)

0.15

 Heart rate

88 (76–99)

83.5 (68–99)

0.37

 Systolic blood pressure

125 (114–130)

126.5 (115–134)

0.75

 Diastolic blood pressure

75.3 (12.5)

74.0 (14.8)

0.79

Last pre-hospital vital signs

 Respiration rate

18 (16–20)

18 (16–20)

0.42

 Heart rate

86 (78–100)

84.5 (70–99)

0.59

 Systolic blood pressure

124 (117–130)

125.5 (115–137)

0.29

 Diastolic blood pressure

75.2 (11.7)

76.5 (65–85)

0.92

Hemoglobin arrival

14.4 (12.8–15.3)

13.8 (13.2–15.9)

0.30

Initial spleen grade

 < 0.001

 1–2

24 (69%)

6 (16%)

 3–5

11 (31%)

32 (84%)

Final spleen grade

 < 0.001

 1–2

23 (66%)

6 (16%)

 3–5

12 (34%)

32 (84%)

Hemodynamic instability prior to arrival

4 (11%)

1 (3%)

0.19

Hemodynamic instability on arrival

5 (15%)

5 (14%)

0.65

FAST exam results

0.07

 Positive

17 (61%)

27 (82%)

 Negative

11 (39%)

6 (18%)

CT findings

 Pseudoaneurysm

2 (6%)

0 (0%)

0.21

 Contrast blush

4 (12%)

9 (24%)

0.19

 Blush size

0.27

 Small

3 (75%)

3 (33%)

 Moderate

1 (25%)

6 (67%)

 Hemoperitoneum

5 (15%)

19 (50%)

0.002

 Hemoperitoneum size

0.14

 Small

2 (40%)

13 (68%)

 Moderate

2 (40%)

6 (32%)

 Large

1 (20%)

0 (0%)

Median (IQR) Hospital LOS, days

3 (2–4)

5 (4–8)

 < 0.001

Median (IQR) ICU LOS, days

2.5 (2.0–3.0)

3 (2–5)

0.06