Prevalence of sacral dysmorphia in a prospective trauma population: Implications for a

Table 2 Mean variables (± SD) measured on pelvic CT sections in the prospective trauma cohort (n = 344), stratified by sacral morphology.

Variable	Normal sacral morphology (n= 295)	Dysmorphic sacral morphology (n= 49)	Statistical test applied	P-value
Age	36.50 ± 13.35	39.35 ± 14.13	Student's t-test	0.171
S1FAC	17.69 ± 2.50	15.43 ± 2.93	Student's t-test	<0.001
S2FAC	11.45 ± 2.28	12.01 ± 2.49	Student's t-test	0.117
TS1BHT	46.93 ± 7.55	38.29 ± 13.73	Student's t-test	<0.001
SS1BHT	22.84 ± 3.35	21.21 ± 6.02	Mann-Whitney-U	0.028
S1SAG.mean	31.02 ± 3.54	28.69 ± 5.09	Mann-Whitney-U	0.001
TS2BHT	31.53 ± 6.62	34.36 ± 7.19	Student's t-test	0.06
SS2BHT	15.71 ± 3.74	16.45 ± 3.40	Mann-Whitney-U	0.078
S2SAG.mean	24.97 ± 3.72	25.12 ± 5.12	Student's t-test	0.817
ANGLE1A	19.65 ± 3.19	17.02 ± 3.37	Student's t-test	<0.001
ANGLE1C	19.33 ± 3.34	17.38 ± 4.70	Mann-Whitney-U	0.003
ANGLE2A	13.10 ± 2.94	13.13 ± 2.67	Mann-Whitney-U	0.811
ANGLE2C	15.50 ± 2.92	16.02 ± 3.18	Student's t-test	0.258

Statistically significant differences were found for all measurements in all 3-dimensional planes between patients with normal versus dysmorphic sacral morphology at the S1 level. In contrast, differences at S2 were not statistically significant. Patients with sacral dysmorphia showed a trend towards increased mean S2 vertebral body heights, implying the S2 route as a "safe" alternative for placement of SI = screws in presence of sacral dysmorphia. See table 1 for abbreviations.
Abbreviations: S1FAC and S2FAC = S1 and S2 foramen-anterior cortex
TS1BHT and T2SBHT = tallest coronal S1 and S2 body height/the sagittal S1 and S2 mean body height
SS1BHT and SS2BHT = smallest S1 and S2 body height
S1SAG.mean and S2SAG.mean = S1 and S2 sagittal mean height
Angle 1A/2A and 1C/2C = axial S1 and S2 angle and coronal S1/S2 angle

ISSN: 1754-9493