Table 3 Response to unnecessary procedures: whistleblowers, investigation, fraud charges, consequences
Whistleblowers | Specific Fraud Charges | ||
Missed opportunity to blow whistle | 35.4% | False claims | 34.2% |
Whistleblower ignored | 25.3% | Anti-Kickback | 13.9% |
Whistleblower type | Â | Stark law | 2.5% |
Patient | 16.5% | Exclusion statute | 5.1% |
Peer/Physician colleague | 19.0% | Civil monetary penalties law | 12.7% |
Nurse or other staff | 10.1% | Other federal fraud or abuse law | 15.2% |
Other | 36.7% | Title 18 federal/criminal charges | 35.4% |
None/Unknown | 17.7% | State criminal charges | 15.2% |
Investigation | Consequencesa | ||
Board investigation | 72.2% | Loss of licensure | 55.7% |
Criminal investigation | 64.6% | Financial penalties | 70.9% |
Civil proceedings | 57.0% | Prison/Probation or service | 31.6% |
Others were found guilty | 34.2% | Mandated treatment or education | 20.3% |
| Â | Â | Discontinued practicing medicine | 58.2% |
| Â | Â | Loss of job/professional options | 73.4% |
| Â | Â | Increased oversight/monitoring | 30.4% |