Table 1 Differences in clinical and administrative factors in patients with and without discharge delays
Overall study population | Delayed | Not Delayed | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 1543 | n = 210 (13.6%) | n = 1333 (86.4%) | ||
Delay Details | ||||
Days from admission to delay start, median (IQR), range | – | 6 (3–12) | – | |
Delay days, median (IQR) | – | 3 (2–6) | – | |
Reason for delay | ||||
Insurance | – | 109 (51.9%) | – | |
Accepting bed | – | 85 (40.5%) | – | |
Patient | – | 72 (34.3%) | – | |
Provider | – | 12 (5.7%) | – | |
Procedure | – | 9 (4.3%) | – | |
Test | – | 9 (4.3%) | – | |
HLOS days, median (IQR) | 5 (3–9) | 10 (7–19) | 4 (2–7) | < 0.01 |
ICU LOS days, median (IQR) | 2 (1–5) | 5 (3–10) | 2 (1–4) | < 0.01 |
Patient Demographics | ||||
Age, median (IQR) | 61 (40–78) | 63 (46–79) | 61 (39–77) | 0.27 |
Sex | 0.61 | |||
Male | 923 (59.8%) | 129 (61.4%) | 794 (59.6%) | |
Female | 620 (40.2%) | 81 (38.6%) | 539 (40.4%) | |
Race | 0.64 | |||
White | 1187 (78.9%) | 164 (81.6%) | 1023 (78.5%) | |
Black | 151 (10.0%) | 20 (10.0%) | 131 (10.1%) | |
Hispanic | 23 (1.5%) | 2 (1.0%) | 21 (1.6%) | |
Other | 143 (9.5%) | 15 (7.5%) | 128 (9.8%) | |
Clinical Characteristics | ||||
ISS, median (IQR) | 14 (10–21) | 17 (11–25) | 14 (10–20) | < 0.01 |
GCS, median (IQR) | 15 (14–15) | 14 (8–15) | 15 (14–15) | < 0.01 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Cardiovascular | 692 (44.9%) | 98 (46.7%) | 594 (44.6%) | 0.57 |
Smoker | 309 (20.0%) | 38 (18.1%) | 271 (20.3%) | 0.45 |
Substance abuse | 263 (17.0%) | 41 (19.5%) | 222 (16.7%) | 0.30 |
Diabetes | 236 (15.3%) | 34 (16.2%) | 202 (15.2%) | 0.70 |
Bleeding disorder | 166 (10.8%) | 22 (10.5%) | 144 (10.8%) | 0.89 |
Dementia | 137 (8.9%) | 23 (11.0%) | 114 (8.6%) | 0.26 |
Psychiatric | 121 (7.8%) | 33 (15.7%) | 88 (6.6%) | < 0.01 |
Respiratory | 108 (7.0%) | 18 (8.6%) | 90 (6.8%) | 0.34 |
Previous stroke | 103 (6.7%) | 17 (8.1%) | 86 (6.5%) | 0.38 |
Functionally dependent health status | 101 (6.6%) | 12 (5.7%) | 89 (6.7%) | 0.60 |
Advanced directive | 51 (3.3%) | 9 (4.3%) | 42 (3.2%) | 0.39 |
Cirrhosis | 22 (1.4%) | 7 (3.3%) | 15 (1.1%) | 0.02 |
Mechanism of injury | 0.01 | |||
Fall | 924 (59.9%) | 117 (55.7%) | 807 (60.5%) | |
Motor vehicle collision | 306 (19.8%) | 59 (28.1%) | 247 (18.5%) | |
Assault | 87 (5.6%) | 9 (4.3%) | 78 (5.9%) | |
Other | 226 (14.7%) | 25 (11.9%) | 201 (15.1%) | |
Neurosurgical intervention | 186 (12.1%) | 40 (19.1%) | 146 (11.0%) | < 0.01 |
Neurosurgical intervention prior to delay | – | 35 (16.7%) | – | – |
Administrative | ||||
Discharge disposition | < 0.01 | |||
Home/home health | 826 (53.5%) | 43 (20.5%) | 783 (58.7%) | |
Rehabilitation facility | 284 (18.4%) | 78 (37.1%) | 206 (15.5%) | |
Skilled nursing facility | 157 (10.2%) | 44 (21.0%) | 113 (8.5%) | |
Hospice | 78 (5.1%) | 5 (2.4%) | 73 (5.5%) | |
Intermediate care facility | 68 (4.4%) | 18 (8.6%) | 50 (3.8%) | |
Long-term acute care/nursing home | 51 (3.3%) | 14 (6.7%) | 37 (2.8%) | |
Other | 46 (3.0%) | 4 (1.9%) | 44 (3.3%) | |
Death | 31 (2.0%) | 4 (1.9%) | 27 (2.0%) | |
Primary insurance | 0.32 | |||
Medicare | 539 (35.0%) | 62 (29.7%) | 477 (35.9%) | |
Commercial/private | 534 (34.7%) | 81 (38.8%) | 453 (34.1%) | |
Uninsured/self-pay | 204 (13.3%) | 28 (13.4%) | 176 (13.2%) | |
Medicaid | 148 (9.6%) | 25 (12.0%) | 123 (9.3%) | |
Other | 83 (5.4%) | 11 (5.3%) | 72 (5.4%) | |
Military | 31 (2.0%) | 2 (1.0%) | 29 (2.2%) | |
Secondary insurance utilized | 207 (13.4%) | 40 (19.1%) | 167 (12.5%) | < 0.01 |
Secondary insurance | 0.43 | |||
Medicare | 47 (22.7%) | 9 (22.5%) | 38 (22.8%) | |
Commercial/private | 70 (33.8%) | 9 (22.5%) | 61 (36.5%) | |
Self-pay | 25 (12.1%) | 5 (12.5%) | 20 (12.0%) | |
Medicaid | 33 (15.9%) | 10 (25.0%) | 23 (13.8%) | |
Other | 19 (9.2%) | 4 (10.0%) | 15 (9.0%) | |
Military | 13 (6.3%) | 3 (7.5%) | 10 (6.0%) | |